Combination-fuel carbureter.



E. A. swmsom.

COMBINATION FUEL CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED IAN-8.19M.

Patented Jan; 2, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

6/ aZ A) useful Improvements in ,ing with the passage l2 tl'n'oiurh EDWARD A. STINSON, F FRANKFORT, INDIANA, ASSIGNOB 0F (ENE-HATE? T0 MKLTON T. MCCARTY, 0F FRANKFGET, INDIANA.

COMBINATI ON-FUEL GARBURETEE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2, leis.

Application filed January 8', 1916. Serial No. 71,013.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that l, EDWARD i Sriusou, a citizen of the United States, residing at Frankfort, in the county of Clinton, State of Indiana, have invented certain new and Combination-Fuel Oarbureters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion engines and has for its object to provide a carbureter so arranged as to supply a number of dififerent fuels to the engine either in combination or singly.

A particular object is to provide a carbureter which will supply, for instance, gas olene or kerosene and which will include means for shifting from one fuel to the other gradually or for supplying varied combinations of the two fuels.

In the drawings :-Figure 1 showing the present carbureter applied-to an engine and illustrating the arrangement of the auxiliary air vane with. respect to the cooling fan; 2 is a top view of the carburetor with the top plate removed, partly in section; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on line 33 of Fig. 2 taken. through the fuel web; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on line 4--l of Fig. 2 through the plunger valve chambers, the top plate and double valve lever being shown in position; Fig. 5 is a section on line of in detail, through the water duct web; Fig. 6 is a detail section on line 66 of Fig. 3 with the floats and valve housings removeo; Fig. 7 shows a modified form of auxiliary air valve using a spring; which provides ror automatic admission of extra air under the action of the engine; 8 is a section through the mixing dome on line 88 of Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 3 to show the fuel duct, and Fi 10 is a detail plan showing a part of the auxiliary air valve.

Referring now to the drawings, the present invention comprises a hollow bowl 10 which has cast integrally therewith and centrally thereof a sleeve 11, the passage 12 of which is carried through the bottom of the bowl. A top plate 13 is secured upon the bowl and has a central opening 14: reeister so that there is thus formed a l is a plan tending through the bowl from the top to bottom.

Cast within the bowl and integral therewith there are three radial webs indicated at 15, 16 and 17 respectively, these webs dividing the bowl into three separate cornpartrnents 18, 19 and 20. lhe web 16 which separates the compartments l8 and 20 is thickened, as shown, to accommodate fuel ducts 21 and 22 and a horizontal chamber 23. The chamber 23 opens at one end through the outer face of the bowl and at the other end through a projection 24: formed on the inner face of the sleeve 11 opposite the web 16, and there is a valve Seat 25 within this opening.

The fuel ducts 21 and open through the valve seat, 25, and the ducts are led downwardly and outwardly within the web 16 to communicate at their outer end. with plunger valve chambers '26 and 27 formed vertically and parallel to each other in enlargements 28 formed at the outer end of the web 16. These enlargements lie in the cornparti'nents 18'and 20, as shown, and at the bottoms of these chambers 26 and 2 there are valve seats 26 and 2? above the points of communication of the duets with the chan'ibers. it will be understood that the ducts $21 and 22 are formed by drilling in from the outer face of the bowl l0, and by drilling down from the chambers 26 and 27, the openings through the face of the bowl bein closed by plugs A. passages 25) and 30 which. also conn'nunicate with the chambers 26 and 27 and which coinmunicate respectively with the compartments l8 and 20, these passages, of course being formed through the enlargements 2S and opening "hrough the valve seats 26' and 27. It will'thus be seen that there is communication through the web 16 and its enlargements between. the single outlet of the chamber 23 and both the compartments 18 and 20. A needle valve 31 threaded into the chamber and, seating against the valve seat 9.5, will control the passage of fluid from the two compartments l8. and 20.

In the valve chambers 26 and 27 there are disposed plunger valves 32 and 33, these valves being arranged to enter the valve seats 26 and 27 and thus close the ducts 21 and 22. These two plusvalves are normally held away from ti by springs 34 engaging at one end against shoulders 35 formed within the plunger eir valve chambers and at their other ends against enlarged heads 36 carried by the upper ends of the valves.

The top plate 13 is provided with openings 13 which register with the upper ends of the plunger valve chambers 26 and 27 andvalves 32 and 33, the valves being held in engagement with these arms by the springs 34, as shown. An arm 42'extends upwardly from the lever 39 and is adapted to receive any suitable connection by means of which the lever may be rocked upon the shaft 38 in either direction.

VVithin the sleeve 11 there is engaged an air conducting tube 43, this tube resting against the projection 21 of the sleeve 11 and having an opening 44 therein which registers with the opening of the chamber 23.

From the foregoing it will be observed that as the lever 39 is rocked to depress the arm 40, the plunger valve 32 will be depressed through its engagement by the arm 40 and, the arm a l rising, the plunger valve 33 will rise under the action of its spring 34. One of the plunger valve rises as the other is depressed and vice versa. This will result in the gradual cutting off of communication between the compartment and the tube 13 of the sleeve and the gradual establishment of communication. between the compartment 18 and the tube 43, the cutting off of one corresponding exactly to the establishment of the other, and with fuels of two different kinds in the two compartments, such as gasolene and kerosene, it will be seen that either of these fuels may be admitted to the tube 43, or a mixture of both fuels may be admitted and that the proportion of the fuels in such mixture may be controlled to the finest point.

It is stated in the foregoing that: One of the plunger valves rises as the other is depressed and vice versa; and in this statement the word as is used .in the sense in which it is used in the science of physics to mean in exact proportion. l/Vhenever the word as is used in the appended claims with reference to the relative operation of the valves 32 and 33 it is to be understood as having this meaning.

The lower end of the tube 43 carries a mixing dome 45 which is connected with the flared lower-end 47 of the tube, this flared end lying within the dome 45 as illustrated. There is an opening between the tube 43 and the dome 4C5, this opening being indicated at 48 and communicating with the passage 12 exteriorly of the tube 43. It will be seen that the tube 43 is held in spaced relation to the inner surface of the sleeve 11 by the projection 24: and by additional projections 24. There is thus an air passage 12 from the top of the device into the vaporizing dome e5 exteriorly of the tube 43 to conduct auxiliary air as'will be later set forth.

The tube 43 and the vaporizing dome 45 are held in place by a sleeve 49 threaded upon the upper end of the tube above the top plate 13 and having a iiange 50 formed at its lower end. This flange has a chamber 51 formed in its under face, and it is the resultant edge portion 52 which rests against the top plate 13 to hold the parts together. As will be seen, the chamber 51 communicates with the passage 12 exteriorly of the tube 43, and there are openings 53 formedthrough the flange 50 and communicating with the chamber 51 for the admission of auxiliary air. Revolubly engaged upon the sleeve 49 there is a second sleeve 54, this sleeve carrying a flange which is disposed upon the flange 50 and which is provided with openings 56 which may be brought into and out of registration with the openings 53 by oscillation of the sleeve 54 upon the sleeve 49. A spring 57 is connected with the flange and is arranged to hold it norreally with its openings out of registration with the openings 53, this spring being suit ably anchored as illustrated. A vane 38 is carried by the sleeve 54. and extends laterally therefrom for a purpose which will be brought out in the statement of the operation of the device.

\Vithin the tube 43 there is a tube 59 formed of wire gauze, and this gauze tube extends through the flared end 47 of the tube and into the mixing dome a; resting at its lower end against the inner face of the dome.

One of the projections 2% site the inner end of the web and formed through this within the web 15 there is a leads downwardly municate with a vertical needle valve chamber 61 formed at the outer-end of the web. There is a valve seat 61" at the lower end of this chamber through which the duct 60 opens and there is a passage 62 formed through the web which communicates with the needle valve chamber 61 and with the compartment 19 of the bowl. A needle valve 63 is threaded into the chamber 61 for en- 15 of the bowl, pro ection and duct (30 which gagement of its valve point against the seat is located oppothrough the web to comfrom the compartments Lennon which registers with the inner end of the duct so that fluid passing from the compartment 19 through the duct 60 will be led into the tube 43 in the same manner as fluid 18 and 20 is led into the tube 43 through the ducts 21 and 22, and the opening at.

It will be noted that the gauze tube 59 will receive fluid admitted to the tube 43 through both its openings it and (i l and that such fluid will saturate the gauze tube under the action of both gravity and capillary attraction. e

To supply each of the compartments 18, 19 and 20with fluid, openings are formed in the wall of the bowl and these openings communicate with passages 66 formed, in bosses 67 cast upon the bottoms of the several compartments. These bosses have central i nteriorly threaded circular apertures 68 in their upper faces and communicating with the passages 66 and screwed into these apertures are the stems 69 of valve housings 7 0 having openings 71 at their tops surrounded interiorly by ball valve seats 72. Ball valves 73 are located within the housings and have elongated stems 74: which are passed through the openings 71 and which project through openings 75 in the top plate 13, and each of these stems 74 carries a float 75, the stem 74 being engaged through the float as shown. and is in threaded engagement with the stern 74 so that by holding the float still. and rotating the stem the elevation of the float may be changed. Another nut 77 is threaded upon the stern above the float and between this nut and the float there are a plurality of preferably metallic washers 78, the

nut 77 being bodily removable from the stem to permit of the removal or addition of washers. The circumstances under which a change in washers is made and the purpose thereof will be presently brought out,

From the foregoing description oi the valve arrangement it will be seen that the level of fluid in the diilerent. compartments l8, l9 and 20 is controlled by the floats 75,

it being understood that fuel supply pipes 79 are connected with the openings 65 or the bowl. Q

As shown in the drawings, the connection of the present carburetor with an engine is through the lateral extension 45 of thedome t5, and that the air intake is through the upper end of the tube 43 which may be provided, as shown, with a hot air intake pipe 80 leading to a point near the exhaust manifold of the engine.

In use, it is designed to connect the compartment 18 with a gasolene supply, the compartment 29 with a kerosene supply and the compartment 19. with a water supply. As brought out above, the fuel from the compartments 18 and 20 is carried to the gauze A not 7 6 is fixed to the iioat tube 59 in the manner described and, when the engine is in operation, the incoming air passes down through the tube 43 picking up the particles of fuel from the gauze tube which is saturated therewith. Gapillary attraction will cause the fuel to spread in thin films over the interstices of the gauze and will thus present the fuel to the incoming air in a manner in which it is most readily taken up by and combined with the air. In view of the fact that the gauze tube is engaged at its lower end with the inner face of the dome, a greater portion of the air which passes into the engine, must pass through gauze and thus an effective combination or the fuel and air is brought about. The advantage of supplying moisture to a carbureter is well known and with the compartment 19 containing water, the latter is also supplied to the gauze tube, the quantity thereof being controlled by theneedlevalve 63 and since water is heavier than either of the hydrocarbons to be used in this carbureter, the water will not. be sucked from its duct until the engine is working in a manner to create a considerable vacuum. By a regulation of thefioat valve in the water chamber in conjunction with the needle valve, the vacuum necessary to feed water to the engine can be properly regulated.

In the foregoing reference was made to a vane 58 carried by the sleeve 5% which coptrols the auxiliary air supply of the present carbureter. In use, it is designed to plaw the carburetor upon the engine in such posit-ion that its vane will lie in the air blast from the cooling fan C oi: the engine. Thus when the engine is running at high speed and additional air is necessary, the cooling fan will be driven at high speed, and the air blast having correspondingly greater force will impinge upon the vane 58, moving the latter and moving therewith the sleeve 54: against the action of the spring 57 to bring the openings 53 and 56 into registration and permit the passage of extra air into the engine through the course brou in Fig. 7 there is shown a modified form of auxiliary air valve of a type-similar to that usually employed in carbureters. In this form of the invention the tube t3 has a sleeve 81 engaged therewith, this sleeve being. similar to the sleeve l9, and carrying a hollow circular body 82 at its lower end similar to the flange 50 but of considerably greater thickness. At the upper end of this body there are openings 83, and within the body there is a seat 84: adapted to receive an annular valve 85 engaged around and working upon the upper portion of the tube 43 and held against its seat by a spring 8%) dis{ posed between the yalve 85 and thetop 1 4- lithe p in the foregoing it IS stated that there are ht out above.

posed with. its

&

I a plurality of preferably metallic washers should exert more pressure against the valve than would be overcome by the weight of the float and its washers, additional washerscan be added until the desired result is attained.

hat is claimed is 1. A carbureter including a bowl, a web disposed within the bowl to form two compartments, a sleeve within the bowl dispassage opening exteriorly of the bowl at both ends, said web having a horizontal chamber therewithin opening through the outer municating at its inner end with the interior of the sleeve, an air conducting member disposed within the sleeve and having an opening registering with the chamber to receive fluid therefrom, said web having vertical valve chambers formed therein and opening through its top and having also passages leading one from each of said valve chambers to the bowl compartments respectively, said web also having ducts formed therein and leading from the valve chambers to the horizontal passage, valves in the valve chambers arranged for operation to open and close the ducts, and a needle valve disposed within the horizontal chamber of the web for operation to open and close the inner end of said chamber, said needle valve extending outwardly beyond the outer end of said clnunber.

A carbureter including a bowl having two compartments and a centrally located' open ended sleeve formed thercwithin, fluid conducting means cou'nnlinicating with the. compartments and with the interior of the eve. an air comlueting tube engaged 'hrough the sleeve in spaced relation thereand. having an opening in -close union with the fluid conducting means to receive fluid into the tube, a vaporizing dome carried by one end of the tube and commimieating both with the tube and with the sleeve exteriorly. of the tube, means for controlling the admission of air to the space between the sleeve and the tube, and means for controlling the supply of fluid from the compartments.

3. A carbureter comprising a bowl, a sleeve within the bowl disposed with its passage opening exteriorly of the bowl at both ends, said h vl having two compartments therein, an air conducting member disposed within the sleeve in spaced relationto the face of the bowl and comwalls thereof, means for controlling the passage of air through the space between the sleeve and the air conducting member, means for conducting air from both the air conducting member and the space between the air conducting member and the sleeve to an engine, and means for conducting fluid from the two compartments to the interior of the air conducting member.

4. A carbureter having an angularly disposed carbureted air duct, an inlet and mixing tube leading to said duct and provided atits end with. a spreading cone, and a gauze municating with each valve chamber and with one of the compartments, an air conducting member associated with the bowl, said web having a passage formed therethrough and communicating with the interior of the air conducting member, said web also havmg a passage communicating with each of the valve chambers and with the passage which communicates with the air conducting member, a valve for each valve chamber, said valves being arranged for movement into and out of position to close the passages which lead to the compartments, means for operating the valves oppositely, and means for controlling the flow of fluid through the passage which communicates with the air comlucting member.

6. A carbureter including a bowl, a web disposed within the bowl to form two compartments, said web having separate parallel vertical valve chambers formed therein,

a passage communicating with each of the chambers and with one of the compartments, an air conducting member associated with the bowl. a horizontal passage communicating with the air conducting member a valve in each valve chamber, said valves being movable into and out of position to close the first mentioned passages, an upwardly extending passage communicating with each of the valve chambers and with the horizontal passage, and means for controlling the flow of fluid from the horizontal passage 01 the air conducting member.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD A. STINSON. \V i tnesses EUGENE O. BURGET, Josnru G. Pnlrrs. 

